Technical details and components are as follows. The system works on the basis of giving assist to the driver with the data received from the camera. The system works with camera, main control unit, display unit and proper software needed for these parts. By the activation of signals, data received from the camera gathered and processed by the main control unit. With the help of the software in the main control unit the sensitivity of the system can be adjusted. The main control unit senses the speed and the distance of the vehicles ahead, behind and comers from the other lane and decides the alarm level. If there is a great danger the system gives red alarm, by this way the caution light would be red also and the driver is warned with a frequent and loud beep sound. Another alarm level is yellow, which indicates a possible danger for the drivers and warns the driver about a grave drive condition. The last one is green, which indicates that the driver can overtake the vehicle ahead. These warnings are displayed on the rear mirror in a non-embarrassing fashion. The camera is placed on the rear window. The coverage of the camera is adjusted in a manner that the unwanted warnings are minimized.

After describing the product basically, it would be relevant to explain the technology it makes use of. Digital cameras generally include dedicated digital image processing chips to convert the raw data from the image sensor into a color-corrected image in a standard image file format. Images from digital cameras often receive further processing to improve their quality, a distinct advantage digital cameras have over film cameras. The digital image processing is typically done by special software programs that can manipulate the images in many ways. The technology it uses is Motion Capture with its general name and Color Detect Motion Capture, which is a specific application of this new technology available. Simply this technology helps to identify the positions of moving objects. With this technology the movements of these objects could be estimated in terms of the distance taken together with the speed and other positional statistics.

Now it is known that color as a powerful descriptor that simplifies object identification could certainly be used for analyzing our system where the road is usually black or gray and cars are in different colors. Note that there are 256*256*256 different colors that can be defined in a computer. Hence the computer would be able to differentiate the different colors attached to the moving objects and cars are not only made of the same color there can be problem and also there can be a problem for black and gray cars but since cars are made of paints that include metallic particulates it will be easier to recognize moving car in this conditions.

Our approach to design this system is to use this camera and a single board computer to process the data we obtained from the camera. The system first got the data from the camera by 24 frames in a second and our single board computer. Single-board computers (SBCs) are complete computers built on a single circuit board. The design is centered on a single microprocessor with RAM, IO and all other features needed to be a functional computer on the one board. Single board computers are no longer widely used in personal computers but are most commonly used in industrial situations where they are used in rack-mount format for process control or embedded within other devices to provide control and interfacing. Because of the very high levels of integration, reduced component counts and reduced connector counts, SBCs are often smaller, lighter, more power efficient and more reliable than comparable multi-board computers.

Further we are going to develop a programming code and implement it to a single board computer. The purpose of this code is to analyze the changes in the frames captured by the camera and detect if a dangerous situation occurs. If so the system is going to warn the driver. Our aim is to add artificial intelligence to our system to detect the common dangers and assign danger levels. Different predefined common dangers will have different danger levels. With respect to this detection of danger levels, the system warns the driver in different ways.

System is going to include a Vitec VTC-C01 1/4" Color Board Camera in order to capture the visual data it’s specifications are :

Image Device 1/4" Toshiba Color CCD image sensor
Effective Pixels 512 x 492
Resolution 380 TV Lines
Minimum Illumination 5 Lux / F2.0
S/N Ratio More Than 45dB
Electronic Shutter 1/60 to 1/100,000 sec.
Standard Board Lens 3.6mm / F2.0
Lens Angle 70°
Power Source 12VDC (+/-10%)
Power Consumption 150 mA
Load Impedance 75 Ohm
Dimensions 1.68" x 1.68" (L xW)

The system also includes a single board computer. That is Technologic Systems TS-7400 System on Module w/ Ultra-Fast Linux Bootup .

It’s specifications are:
200Mhz ARM9 CPU with MMU
Boots Linux out-of-the-box in 1.1 seconds
TS-Linux Embedded Operating System Installed
32 MB SDRAM (64 MB or 128 MB optional)
32 MB on-board NAND Flash (128 MB optional)
1 SD Card socket - up to 4 GB Cards
1 10/100 Ethernet port
2 USB 2.0 Compatible OHCI ports (12 Mbit/s Max)
40-pin header provides 3 TTL COM ports, 4 A/D
channels, 20 DIO, AC97/I2S audio, SPI bus
Watchdog timer
Optional On-Board Temperature Sensor
Optional Battery Backed Real Time Clock (RTC)
Optional Linux-supported USB 802.11g WiFi
transceiver
Fanless: -40° to +85°C
RoHS Compliant
Small size: 2.9 x 4.7 inches

The cameras output is AV but since the computer has USB inputs we need to develop a system in order to change the data sending port type. For this problem we find out cable adapters to connect camera to the processor.

Since we are dealing with visual data the place where the camera is located is also important. In order to obtain correct data the camera must obtain correct pictures that means the part of the glass we fixed the camera must be clean. For this problem solution depends on the type of the car. For hatchbacks, mpv’s, suv’s the system is pretty good because the rear window wipers clean the window but for the cars that does not have rear window wipers like sedans we must have another approach. Some car care systems producers like Ziebart develop products that keep the window dry and clean. That will be the approach for the sedans.